Блог преподавателя английского языка Азизовой Луизы Ризвановны: апреля 2020

вторник, 28 апреля 2020 г.

Ср, 29.04.2020.Задание для 2 курса, 4группы ПСА.

Тема :"FBI".

Прочтите текст и переведите его(письменно) :

Ознакомьтесь с лексикой, выпишите в словари или тетради

(фото приложить):

Ответьте на вопросы:

Выполните упражнения
ex. 13(a,b), ex. 14:

Грамматика: "Complex Object/Сложное дополнение".

Просмотрите видеоурок :

Complex Object

Выполните следующие упражнения:

Ср, 29.04.2020. Задание для ст-в 1 курса 2 и 3 гр ПД, 4 гр ПСО

Тема : "Северная Ирландия и Уэльс".

Просмотрите видеоролики и ознакомьтесь с содержанием текстов. Подготовьтесь к краткому пересказу прочитанного (перевод прислать на почту):

1. Wales:The Ancient land

The Welsh people call their country Cymru ['kimru]. Wales is the land of rocks, mountains and valleys. There is a region in the high Cumbrian Mountains called Snowdonia. Its scenery is the pride of Wales. Snowdonia is named after the highest peak of these mountains – Snowdon at 1,085 metres above sea level.

The largest cities in the south of Wales are Cardiff, Swansea and Newport. The greatest concentration of people lives in these cities. Cardiff is the principality's capital and the main seaport and Swansea is its industrial centre. Cardiff has been the capital since 1955.

The largest town in the north of Wales is Wrexham.

The Welsh language is spoken widely, especially in the north of the country. It is one of the Celtic languages. It is still the first language for many people.

Wales is often called "the land of song". The Welsh people, especially in rural ares are fond of poetry, singing folk songs and playing the harp. There are a lot of choirs in Wales.

The Welsh are great storytellers. You will hear tales of King Arthur and Merlin the Magician, of kingdoms lost beneath the sea and battles between dragons, of haunted castles and knightly deeds.

Each of the major periods of history has left its mark on Wales, some more attractive than the others. Wales is "the land of castles". And the Normans were the first to build castles here.

Wales is famous for Eisteddfod [ai'steðvɔd]. It is the largest and oldest festival of Welsh culture, which is held every year in different areas of Wales. "Eisteddfod" literally means "a sitting" ("eistedd" in Welsh is "to sit"), perhaps a reference to the hand-carved chair traditionally awarded to the best poet or musician in the ceremony "the Crowning of the Bard".

Eisteddfod is actually an association of poets, writers, musicians, artists and individuals who have made a significant and distinguished contribution to the Welsh language, literature, and culture. Competitions of bards and singers take place during Eisteddfod. Its members are known as druids who wear long robes. Their leader is always a poet. The colour of their costumes – white, blue or green – is indicative of their various ranks.

St. David is the Patron Saint of Wales. March 1st is St. David's Day, the national day of Wales and has been celebrated as such since the 12th century.

Wales has two national symbols – the daffodil and the leek.

The proud and ancient battle banner of the Welsh is called the Red Dragon and consists of a red dragon on a green and white background.

2. Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland, integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is situated in the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland is bounded on the north and northeast by the North Channel, on the southeast by the Irish Sea, and on the south and west by the Republic of Ireland. It includes Rathlin Island in the North Channel and several smaller offshore islands. It is also known as Ulster, because it comprises six of the nine counties that constituted the former province of Ulster.
The total area of Northern Ireland is 14,148 sq km. The shoreline is characterized by numerous irregularities and is about 530 km (about 330 mi) long. The major indentations are Lough Foyle in the north and Belfast, Strangford, and Carlingford loughs in the east. A striking feature of the northern coast is the Giant's Causeway, a rock formation consisting of thousands of closely placed, polygonal pillars of black basalt. The country consists mainly of a low, flat plain in the approximate center of which is Lough Neagh, the largest lake in the British Isles. Other important lakes are Lough Erne and Upper Lough Erne.
The climate of Northern Ireland is mild and damp throughout the year.
The most valuable natural resources of Northern Ireland are its fertile soil and rich pasturelands. Natural waterpower is abundant. The chief minerals are basalt, limestone, sand and gravel, granite, chalk, clay, and shale; bauxite, iron ore, and coal also are found in small amounts.
The capital and largest city of Northern Ireland is Belfast. The other major city in Northern Ireland is Londonderry.
Originally, Northern Ireland was culturally indistinguishable from the remainder of Ireland. However, with the waves of colonization from England and Scotland during the 17th century, the northeastern province of Ulster evolved a distinctive cultural identity. There is a thriving theatrical movement in Belfast, and much literary activity. Belfast is the base of Opera Northern Ireland, which presents seasons at the Grand Opera House in the city, and also tours the province. A ballet company is based in the capital, as is the Belfast Philharmonic Society, one of Britain's leading choral societies. The Ulster Symphony Orchestra is among the leading orchestras of Britain. Queen's University hosts the annual Belfast Festival. Northern Ireland has two national museums: the Ulster Museum in Belfast, which houses a collection of Irish antiquities; and the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum in Holywood, County Down.

Просмотрите презентацию по теме:

Wales and Nortern Ireland

Грамматика: Future perfect
Просмотрите видеоурок по грамматике :

Future Perfect

Выполните следующие упражнения :

Exercise 1. Составьте предложения, используя the Future Perfect Tense.

Jim/to write/the report/by next Thursday.
We/to clean/ the house/by the time of your arrival tomorrow.
I/to prepare/ all the documents/by the beginning of the meeting tomorrow.
The film/to finish/by 7 o’clock tomorrow.
They/to decorate/the square/by the beginning of the demonstration/ next week.
The President/to finish/the press conference/by 3 o’clock tomorrow.
Diana/to design/your wedding dress/by next Friday.
I/to move/to a new house/by Christmas.
You/ to start/your own business/by the time you are twenty-seven.
My father/to repair/his car/by Thursday.

Exercise 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в the Future Perfect Tense.
Mike … (to prepare) all the calculations by the end of his working day tomorrow.
I… (to learn) some phrases in Japanese by the time the participants of the Japanese delegation arrive.
The chef … (to cook) all the dishes by the time the banquet begins.
The secretary … (to arrange) all the papers by the time the boss comes to the office tomorrow.
The ferry … (to reach) the port by 4 o’clock tomorrow.
They … (to deliver) our pizza by the beginning of the party tomorrow.
Jack and Monica … (to send) all the invitations by next Tuesday.
I … (to read) your report by tomorrow morning.
The workers … (to unload) the lorries by the end of their working day.
We … (to analyse) the results of the experiment by next Friday.

понедельник, 27 апреля 2020 г.

Вт, 28.04.2020. Задание для студентов 2 гр 1курса ПД

Дальше »

Вт, 28.04.2020. Задание для ст-в 1гр 1курса ПСО

Тема : "Северная Ирландия и Уэльс".

1. Wales:The Ancient land

The largest town in the north of Wales is Wrexham.

The Welsh language is spoken widely, especially in the north of the country. It is one of the Celtic languages. It is still the first language for many people.

Wales is often called "the land of song". The Welsh people, especially in rural ares are fond of poetry, singing folk songs and playing the harp. There are a lot of choirs in Wales.

The Welsh are great storytellers. You will hear tales of King Arthur and Merlin the Magician, of kingdoms lost beneath the sea and battles between dragons, of haunted castles and knightly deeds.

Each of the major periods of history has left its mark on Wales, some more attractive than the others. Wales is "the land of castles". And the Normans were the first to build castles here.

St. David is the Patron Saint of Wales. March 1st is St. David's Day, the national day of Wales and has been celebrated as such since the 12th century.

Wales has two national symbols – the daffodil and the leek.

The proud and ancient battle banner of the Welsh is called the Red Dragon and consists of a red dragon on a green and white background.

2. Northern Ireland

Выполните следующие упражнения :

воскресенье, 26 апреля 2020 г.

Пн, 27.04.2020. Задание для студентов 2курса РИПК.

Тема : "Промышленность и экология".

Прочтите , переведите(письменно), ответьте на вопросы, выучите новую лексику:

Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase.

Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables on.

Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up.

The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the ecological crises.

The most horrible ecological disaster befell Ukraine and its people after the Chernobyl tragedy in April 1986. About 18 percent of the territory of Byelarus were also polluted with radioactive substances. A great damage has been done to the agriculture, forests and people's health. The consequences of this explosion at the atomic power-station are tragic for the Ukrainian, Byelorussian and other nations.

Environmental protection is of a universal concern. That is why serious measures to create a system of ecological security should be taken.

Some progress has been already made in this direction. As many as 159 countries — members of the UNO — have set up environmental protection agencies. Numerous conferences have been held by these agencies to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass, Semipalatinsk and Chernobyl.

An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. The international organisation Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the environment.

But these are only the initial steps and they must be carried onward to protect nature, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the present but also for the future generations.

Questions:

1. How did people live for thousands of years?

2. What cities appear all over the world today?

3. What pollutes the air we breathe?

4. What is the result of the pollution the atmosphere?

5. Why is environmental protection of a universal concern?

6. What are the initial steps in this direction?

Vocabulary:

ancient — древний

harmony — гармония

environment — окружающая среда

riches — богатства

unlimited — неограниченный

to interfere — вмешиваться

to increase — увеличиваться, возрастать

smoky — дымный

enterprises — предприятия

by-product — побочный продукт

activity — деятельность

to pollute — загрязнять

substances — вещества

oxigen — кислород

rare — редкий

destruction — разрушение

ozone — озон

layer — слой

interaction — взаимодействие

horrible — ужасный

disaster — катастрофа

to befall — пасть (на что-то)

Грамматика: Сослагательное наклонение

Просмотрите видеоролик по грамматике:

Условное наклонение в английском языке

Выполните следующие упражнения :

Упражнение 1.

Переведите с английского:

If it didn’t rain, we would go for a walk.

If we had a camera, we could take pictures of the beautiful scenery.

If there were any sugar left, we should not have to go to the shop.

If I knew him, I should ask his advice.

If you did not have a toothache, you would enjoy the party.

If you were not so absent-minded, you would not make so many mistakes.

If you rang me up, I should know you were in trouble.

If you watched the cat, it wouldn’t eat the fish.

If it were not so late, we would go to see them.

If I were you, I would read the book.

Упражнение 2.

Скажите, что упоминаемое действие было бы выполнено, если бы было выполнено условие:

Example. If I have time, I will do it. – If I had time, I would do it.

If I work hard, I will pass the exams.

If there is hot water, I’ll have a bath.

If you get up early, you’ll be in time.

If I have a lot of money, I will go on a trip round the world.

If I have a lot of time, I will take music lessons.

Скажите, что если бы упоминаемое условие было бы выполнено вчера, то действие было выполнено.

Example. If I had time, I would do it. – If I had had time yesterday (last year), I would have done it.

If I worked hard, I would pass the exams.

If there were any hot water, I would have a bath.

If you got up early, you would be in time.

If I had a lot of money, I would go on a trip round the world.

If I had a lot of time, I would take music lessons.

Упражнение 3.

Раскройте скобки, используя сослагательное наклонение (третье условие):

If he hadn’t broken his bicycle, he would … (go) to the country.

If I hadn’t had a bad headache yesterday, I could … (come) to see you.

If the ship … (not sail) near the coast, it would not have struck a rock.

If he … (be) in town, he would have been present at our meeting.

If the road … (not be) so slippery, I … (not fall) and hurt my leg.

If they .. (make) a fire, the wolves … (run) away.

If I … (expect) my friend to come, I … (not go) to the cinema.

If I … (have) a dictionary, I … (translate) the article yesterday.

If we … (get) a letter from him, we … (not worry).

If she … (come) home late last night, her father … (be) angry.

Пн, 27.04.2020. Задание для студентов 2 курса 4 гр ПСА

Тема:"Constitution of the Russian Federation".

1. Просмотрите видеоролик по теме:

Constitution of the Russian Federation

2. Прочитайте и переведите текст(письменно):

The Constitution of the Russian Federation.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation is Russia's supreme law, passed through a national vote. It contains the basic principles of the Russian constitutional system.

The Constitution:

-defines the federative structure of the Russian Federation;

-establishes the principles of sovereignty and independence of the Russian Federation;

-defines the principle of separation of powers between legislative, executive and judicial branches;

-establishes equality of ideologies and religions;

-defines the Russian Federation as a secular state.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation defines the rights and freedoms of a human and a citizen, sets their priority when deciding any issues, and proclaims the principle of equality before law and court. As for the federative structure, the Constitution contains the list of component units of the Russian Federation, covers the issues that are within the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and those that are within the joint jurisdiction of federal and local authorities.

Separate articles are devoted to the bodies of federal power: the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the Russian Federation and also the judicial power of the Russian Federation. In these articles, the order and the terms of appointed and elected officials and the limits of their competence are defined according to the principle of separation of powers.

Under the Constitution adopted on December 12, 1993 at the all-Russia referendum, full authority in the Russian Federation belongs to the President and the bodies of the legislative (two-chamber parliament — Federal Assembly), executive (Government of the Russian Federation) and the judicial authorities, which work independently.

The President of the Russian Federation is the Head of the State; the duties of the President are listed, including his status of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Constitution also contains the text of the oath taken by the President of the Russian Federation upon taking office.

The Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (the Federation Council and the State Duma) represents the legislature. The order of electing representatives for these chambers, their competence, terms of office are provided by the Constitution.

The Government of the Russian Federation is the executive branch. The Constitution determines the extent of its jurisdiction and also defines the order and the terms of office of government officials.

Judicial power is implemented by means of constitutional, civil, administrative, and criminal legal proceedings. The Constitution establishes the principles of independence, irremovability and immunity ofjudges, thus providing for objectiveness and impartiality of the court.

The system of courts of the Russian Federation consists of:

-the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation;

-the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation;

-the Higher Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation. Separate articles are devoted to the Russian Federation Procurator's Office with functions of supervision and control, and the procedure for adoption of Constitutional amendments. The Constitution regulates the issues of local self-government, including its authority and sphere of activity.

Transitional and Final provisions regulating the promulgation of the Constitution and its enforcement are contained in Part 2 of the Constitution.

Answer the questions :

1.What is a constitution?

2.What basic principles are contained in a constitution?

3.Why is a constitution the supreme law of any country?

3.Переведите на русский язык следующие слова и словосочетания из текста:

-to establish the principles of sovereignty and independence;

-to cover issues;

-to be devoted to the bodies of federal power;

-to define the federative structure;

-legislative authority;

-executive authority;

-judicial authority;

-to list duties;

-the Armed Forces;

-to represent the legislature;

-to determine the extent of the jurisdiction;

-immunity of judges;

-impartiality of the court;

-supervision and control;

-promulgation of the Constitution.

4. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующим русскимсловам и словосочетаниям:

-установить принцип суверенитета;

-принцип разделения властей;

-установить равенство религиозных конфессий;

-светское государство;

-в ведении федеральных и местных властей;

-провозглашать принцип равенства перед законом;

-Федеральное Собрание;

-рамки полномочий;

-судебная власть;

-глава государства;

-порядок избрания представителей;

-установить принцип несменяемости судей;

-Прокуратура Российской Федерации;

-беспристрастность суда;

-процедура принятия поправок к Конституции.

5. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

What does the Constitution of the Russian Federation define and establish?

What provisions does the Constitution contain regarding the federative structure?

What are the bodies of federal power?

Who does the full authority in the Russian Federation belong to under the current Constitution?

What provisions concerning the legislature are provided by the Constitution?

What is the executive branch of power in the Russian Federation?

How is judicial power implemented in the Russian Federation?

What principles of judicial power does the Constitution establish?

What does the system of courts consist of?

10. Does the Constitution regulate the activities of local self-government?

6. Подберите синонимы из правой колонки к словам в левой колонке:

1) fundamental a) impartial
2) power b)period of time
3) independently c) be vested in
4) establish d) choose
5) duty e) obligation
6) solemn promise f) basic
7) term g) separately
8) elect h) oath
9) objective i) set up
10) belong to j) authority

7. Подберите антонимы из правой колонки к словам в левой колонке:
separation within sovereignty adopte
secular dependence
reject unity
beyond religious

8. Закончите предложения согласно содержанию текста:

1. Constitution establishes ...

the principles of independence and partial sovereignty of the RF.

equalities of ideologies but not religions.

the principle of separation of powers.

2. As for the federative structure, the Constitution .

covers the questions that are exclusively in the jurisdiction of the RF leaving out the competence of federal and local authorities.

contains the list of component units of the RF.

covers only those questions that are in the joint jurisdiction of federal and local authorities.

3. The bodies of federal power are...

the Federal Assembly of the RF and the judiciary of the RF.

the President of the RF and the Government of the RF.

all the bodies mentioned above in a) and b).

4. The Federal Assembly of the RF represents .

the legislature.

the judiciary.

the executive branch.

5. The Constitution determines .

the extent of the jurisdiction of the executive branch.

the order and the terms of office of the governmental officials.

both.

6. Judicial power is implemented by means of ...

civil and criminal legal proceedings.

constitutional and administrative legal proceedings.

all the proceedings mentioned in a) and b).

Пн, 27.04.2020.Задание для студентов 1 курса 4 гр ПСА

Тема : "Северная Ирландия и Уэльс".

1. Wales:The Ancient land

The largest town in the north of Wales is Wrexham.

The Welsh language is spoken widely, especially in the north of the country. It is one of the Celtic languages. It is still the first language for many people.

Wales is often called "the land of song". The Welsh people, especially in rural ares are fond of poetry, singing folk songs and playing the harp. There are a lot of choirs in Wales.

The Welsh are great storytellers. You will hear tales of King Arthur and Merlin the Magician, of kingdoms lost beneath the sea and battles between dragons, of haunted castles and knightly deeds.

Each of the major periods of history has left its mark on Wales, some more attractive than the others. Wales is "the land of castles". And the Normans were the first to build castles here.

St. David is the Patron Saint of Wales. March 1st is St. David's Day, the national day of Wales and has been celebrated as such since the 12th century.

Wales has two national symbols – the daffodil and the leek.

The proud and ancient battle banner of the Welsh is called the Red Dragon and consists of a red dragon on a green and white background.

2. Northern Ireland

Выполните следующие упражнения :

Пн, 27.04.2020. Задание для ст-в 1 курса 3 гр ПД и 1курса 4гр ПСО

Дальше »

среда, 22 апреля 2020 г.

Чт, 23.04.2020. Задание для студентов 2 курса РИПК

Тема: "Охрана окружающей среды /Environmental protection".

1.Прочтите текст,ознакомьтесь с новой лексикой (выписать в словари),переведите(письменно), ответьте на вопросы :

Environmental Protection

Our planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but nowadays it's the only place where we can live.

People always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in rural areas and did not produce such amount of polluting agents that would cause a dangerous situation in global scale.

With the development of overcrowded industrial highly developed cities, which put huge amounts of pollutants into surrounds, the problem has become more and more dangerous. Today our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, and overpopulation are the problems that threaten human lives on the Earth.

In order to understand how air pollution affects our body, we must understand exactly what this pollution is. The pollutants that harm our respiratory system are known as particulates. Particulates are the small solid particles that you can see through rays of sunlight. They are products of incomplete combustion in engines, for example: internal-combustion engines, road dust and wood smoke.

Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels are burnt, they produce smoke and other by-products, which is emitted into the atmosphere. Although wind and rain occasionally wash away the smoke, given off by power plants and automobiles, but it is not enough.. These chemical compounds undergo a series of chemical reactions in the presence of sunlight; as a result we have smog, mixture of fog and smoke. While such pollutants as particulates we can see, other harmful ones are not visible. Among the most dangerous to bur health are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and ozone or active oxygen.

If you have ever been in an enclosed parking garage or a tunnel and felt dizzy or lightheaded, then you have felt the effect of carbon monoxide (CO). This odourless, colourless, but poisonous gas is produced by the incomplete burning of fossil fuels, like gasoline or diesel fuel.

Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe, we won't see a beautiful green forest at all.

The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas.

Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out forever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.

And even greater threats are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered animals.

We can recycle our wastes; persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities, because it is apparent that our careless use of fossil fuels and chemicals is destroying this planet. And it is now more than ever apparent that at the same time we are destroying our bodies and our future.

Questions:

1. When did the problem of pollution become dangerous?

2. What problems threaten human lives on the Earth?

3. Why is air pollution harmful?

4. Is it dangerous to breathe polluted air?

5. What does the burning of fuel and fossil fuels produce?

6. What are the most dangerous pollutants?

7. What is the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains on our planet?

8. Can we solve the problem of environmental protection?

Vocabulary:

tiny part — крошечная часть

to pollute — загрязнять

rural area — сельский район

polluting agents — загрязняющие компоненты

global scale — глобальный масштаб

acid rains — кислотные дожди

overpopulation — перенаселение

to threaten — угрожать

to affect — воздействовать

respiratory system — дыхательная система

particulates — макрочастице

solid particles — твердые частицы

ray of sunlight — зд. солнечный свет

combustion — сжигание, сгорание

internal-combustion engine — двигатель внутреннего сгорания

wood smoke — зд. сгорание древесины

by-products — побочные продукты

power plants — силовые установки

chemical compounds — зд. химические элементы

to undergo — подвергаться воздействию

smog — смог

fog — туман

carbon monoxide — угарный газ

nitrogen oxides — окислы азота

sulfur dioxide — сернистый газ

dizzy — головокружение

odourless — без запаха

fossil fuels — органическое топливо

gasoline — бензин

to emit — испускать, выбрасывать

disastrous consequences — гибельные последствия

greenhouse effect — парниковый эффект

to breathe — дышать, вдыхать

chemical fertilizers — удобрения

pesticide — пестицид

plant — растение

insect — насекомое

extinct — исчезнуть, вымирать

to persuade enterprises — зд. убедить предпринимателей

wastes — отходы

Грамматика:

Условные предложения.

2. Просмотрите видео и выполните упражнения:

Условные предложения в английском языке

Чт, 23.04.2020. Задание для студентов 1 курса 1 гр ПСО

Тема :Политическое устройство Великобритании /Political system of Great Britain

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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule.

Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.

Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.

The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions.

The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.

The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don't take part in voting.

There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.

Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area.

The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet.

The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.

The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.

It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice.

But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.

Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.

Чтобы лучше понять тему занятия, просмотрите видеоурок на русском языке о политической системе Великобритании:

Политическая система Великобритании.

Работа с лексикой: выписать транскрипцию и значение следующих слов и выражений :

Грамматика :

Past Perfect

(вопросительная и отрицательная формы):

Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную форму следующих предложений :

вторник, 21 апреля 2020 г.

Ср, 22.04.2020.Задание для студентов 2 курса 4 гр ПСА

Тема: "State system of the Russian Federation".

Прочтите текст, переведите его, и выполните упражнения:

The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993.

Under the Constitution Russia is a presidential republic. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President.

The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation; the Lower Chamber is the State Duma.

Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. Legislature may be initiated in either of the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill.

The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws, appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.

The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Minister on appointment is to form the Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the regional courts.

The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a four-year period.

Today the state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty. It was the first state symbol that replaced the former symbols in 1991. The hymn of Russia is «The Patriotic Song» by M. Glinka. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia. It originates from the heraldic emblem of the Ruricovitches. All these symbols are official. They have been approved by the Federal Assembly.

Topical Vocabulary

- to be set up by smth. быть учрежденным, основанным в соответствии с чем-либо;

- under the Constitution в соответствии с конституцией;

a presidential republic президентская республика;

- the federal government федеральное правительство;

a branch власть (как часть правительства);

-legislative исполнительный;

-executive исполнительный;

-judicial судебный;

-to be checked by smb. контролироваться кем-либо;

-to be balanced by smb. балансироваться, уравновешиваться кем-либо;

- to be vested in осуществляться кем-либо;

-the Federal Assembly Федеральное собрание;

-a chamber палата;

-the Council of Federation Совет Федерации;

- to be headed by the Speaker возглавляться спикером;

-to initiate a legislature внести законопроект;

-to approve a bill принять законопроект;

-to be signed by smb. быть подписанным кем-либо;

-to veto the bill наложить вето на законопроект;

-commander-in-chief главнокомандующий;

-the armed forces вооруженные силы;

-to make a treaty заключить договор;

-to enforce a law проводить закон в жизнь;

-to appoint a minister назначить министра;

- to belong to smb. принадлежать кому-либо;

-the Prime Minister премьер-министр;

-on appointment после назначения;

-to form the Cabinet сформировать кабинет;

- to be represented by smb. быть представленным кем-либо;

-the Constitutional Court Конституционный суд;

-the Supreme Court Верховный суд;

-a regional court региональный суд;

- to be elected by popular vote быть избранным всенародным голосованием;

- the state symbol государственный символ;

-a banner знамя;

-a hymn гимн;

-a national emblem национальный герб;

-to originate from smth. происходить от чего-либо;

-the heraldic emblem of the Ruricovitches родовой герб Рюриковичей.

Answer the questions:

1.What does the federal government consist of?

2.What part does the President play in the government?

3.What is the legislative power vested in?

4.How does a bill become a law?

5.What are the functions of the President?

6.What are the executive and the judicial branches represented by?

7.What are the official symbols of Russia?

Translate into English:

1.Правительство Российской Федерации состоит из законодательной, исполнительной и судебной властей, подконтрольных президенту.

2.Законодательная власть осуществляется Федеральным собранием, избираемым всенародным голосованием на 4 года.

3.Во главе каждой из палат стоит спикер.

4.Законопроект представляется на рассмотрение в одной из палат, потом одобряется обеими палатами и подписывается президентом.

5.Судебная власть представлена Конституционным судом, Верховным судом и другими судами.

6. К государственным символам относятся флаг, гимн и герб.

Грамматика :"Словообразование"

Просмотрите видеоролик по грамматике :

Словообразовательные суффиксы

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