Пн, 27.04.2020. Задание для студентов 2курса РИПК.

Тема : "Промышленность и экология". 

Прочтите , переведите(письменно), ответьте на вопросы, выучите новую лексику:

Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase.

Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables on.

Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up.

The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the ecological crises.

The most horrible ecological disaster befell Ukraine and its people after the Chernobyl tragedy in April 1986. About 18 percent of the territory of Byelarus were also polluted with radioactive substances. A great damage has been done to the agriculture, forests and people's health. The consequences of this explosion at the atomic power-station are tragic for the Ukrainian, Byelorussian and other nations.

Environmental protection is of a universal concern. That is why serious measures to create a system of ecological security should be taken.

Some progress has been already made in this direction. As many as 159 countries — members of the UNO — have set up environmental protection agencies. Numerous conferences have been held by these agencies to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass, Semipalatinsk and Chernobyl.

An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. The international organisation Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the environment.

But these are only the initial steps and they must be carried onward to protect nature, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the present but also for the future generations.

Questions:

1. How did people live for thousands of years? 

2. What cities appear all over the world today? 

3. What pollutes the air we breathe? 

4. What is the result of the pollution the atmosphere? 

5. Why is environmental protection of a universal concern? 

6. What are the initial steps in this direction?

Vocabulary:

ancient — древний 

harmony — гармония 

environment — окружающая среда 

riches — богатства 

unlimited — неограниченный 

to interfere — вмешиваться 

to increase — увеличиваться, возрастать 

smoky — дымный 

enterprises — предприятия 

by-product — побочный продукт 

activity — деятельность 

to pollute — загрязнять 

substances — вещества 

oxigen — кислород 

rare — редкий 

destruction — разрушение 

ozone — озон 

layer — слой 

interaction — взаимодействие 

horrible — ужасный 

disaster — катастрофа 

to befall — пасть (на что-то)

 Грамматика: Сослагательное              наклонение

Просмотрите видеоролик по грамматике:

Условное наклонение в английском языке

Выполните следующие упражнения :

Упражнение 1. 

Переведите с английского:

If it didn’t rain, we would go for a walk.

If we had a camera, we could take pictures of the beauti­ful scenery.

If there were any sugar left, we should not have to go to the shop.

If I knew him, I should ask his advice.

If you did not have a toothache, you would enjoy the party.

If you were not so absent-mind­ed, you would not make so many mistakes.

If you rang me up, I should know you were in trouble.

If you watched the cat, it wouldn’t eat the fish.

If it were not so late, we would go to see them.

If I were you, I would read the book.

Упражнение 2. 

Скажите, что упоминаемое действие было бы выполнено, если бы было выполнено условие:

Example.  If I have time, I will do it. – If I had time, I would do it.

If I work hard, I will pass the exams.

If there is hot water, I’ll have a bath.

If you get up early, you’ll be in time.

If I have a lot of money, I will go on a trip round the world.

If I have a lot of time, I will take music lessons.

Скажите, что если бы упоминаемое условие было бы выполнено вчера, то действие было выполнено.

 Example.  If I had time, I would do it. – If I had had time yesterday (last year), I would have done it.

If I worked hard, I would pass the exams.

If there were any hot water, I would have a bath.

If you got up early, you would be in time.

If I had a lot of money, I would go on a trip round the world.

If I had a lot of time, I would take music lessons.

Упражнение 3. 

Раскройте скобки, используя сослагательное наклонение (третье условие):

If he hadn’t broken his bicycle, he would … (go) to the country.

If I hadn’t had a bad headache yesterday, I could … (come) to see you.

If the ship … (not sail) near the coast, it would not have struck a rock.

If he … (be) in town, he would have been present at our meeting.

If the road … (not be) so slippery, I … (not fall) and hurt my leg.

If they .. (make) a fire, the wolves  … (run) away.

If I  … (expect) my friend to come, I … (not go) to the cinema.

If I … (have) a dictionary, I … (translate) the article yesterday.

If we … (get) a letter from him, we … (not worry).

If she … (come) home late last night, her father … (be) angry.