Тема: "Criminal Justice" ( part III)
Прочтите текст, переведите его, ответьте на вопросы (письменно):
Выполните следующие упражнения :
1.Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the singular nouns and plurals. Useful words are given below:
1. Этот полицейский задержал вчера двух преступников.
2. Судьи районного суда рассматривают гражданские и уго- ловные дела.
3. В большинстве стран ведущими отраслями права являют- ся гражданское и уголовное право.
4. Магистраты не являются профессиональными юристами, их называют мировыми судьями.
5. Незначительные преступления рассматриваются в магистратских судах.
6. Жюри присяжных в Великобритании состоит из 12 присяжных заседателей.
7. Это суммарное преступление (преступление двойной подсудности) будет рассмотрено мировыми судьями завтра.
8. Такие преступления, как убийство, кража со взломом, грабеж, передаются в Суд короны для рассмотрения по существу.
9. Для рассмотрения дела присяжные отбираются методом произвольной выборки.
10. Наиболее распространенные виды наказания в Великобритании — это штраф, заключение в тюрьму и пробация.
11. Подсудимый был освобожден из-под стражи из-за отсутствия убедительных доказательств.
12. Суровость приговора может быть обжалована адвокатом.
Vocabulary:
criminal, judge, case, magistrate, laypersons, jury, jurors, branches of law, minor offences, justices of the peace, summary offence, burglary, robbery, murder, Crown Court, to select at ran- dom, fine, imprisonment, probation, to release for lack of strong evidence, to appeal against the severity of the sentence.
2.State the form and function of the Infinitive, translate the sentences into Russian:
1. The problem to be solved was of great international importance.
2. To know law well the students must study hard.
3. In order to begin prosecution it is necessary to have evidence establishing the fact of the commission of the crime.
4. To pass a just sentence the court examines all the circumstances of the crime.
5. To save him was impossible.
6. To fight crime is the task not only of the police but of the whole population as well.
7. About 40 students were thrown into prison to be charged with various offences.
8. In the past few years many measures have been taken to improve the life in the country.
9. For international law to be developed the International Law Commission was established in 1947.
10. In the event of a breach of peace, each state has powers to take measures for peace and security to be restored in the region.
11. It is necessary to accept the obligations under the UN Charter for any state to become a member of the Organization.
12. For the evidence to be valid in court it must be properly handled, transferred, preserved and presented.
13. To prevent a new discovery or scientific process from being copied, it is necessary to apply for a patent (the grant of an exclusive right to exploit an invention).
14. Consumers now have the right to be correctly informed about quality, price and credit terms.
15. To prevent other business from using their trademark, companies often register them.
16. The Court of Appeal reversed the decision of the High Court on the grounds that the courts have no power to suspend the application of legislation or to grant an injunction against the government.
17. The US Special Courts have been established to consider cases which are sometimes difficult for an ordinary judge to understand.
18. It is necessary for at least ten of the twelve jurors to agree on the verdict in order to find a defendant guilty.
19. To enforce its laws against those who disagreed with it, the Church of the Middle Ages created the Inquisition.
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